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當(dāng)前新陽光教育 英語單科 學(xué)習(xí)資料 瀏覽文章 詳情

同等學(xué)力考試英語語法精講:語態(tài)

  同等學(xué)力申碩考試的考生對(duì)于同等學(xué)力英語語法可謂是一籌莫展,要想正確地使用語態(tài),就須注意詞性,分清楚哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動(dòng)詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。
 
  一、總述
 
  語態(tài)(voice )是一種動(dòng)詞形式,表示主語與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系。英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài):主動(dòng)語態(tài)(active voice )和被動(dòng)語態(tài)(passive voice)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)往往是各類考試中的側(cè)重點(diǎn)。
 
  英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由“助動(dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)變化借助動(dòng)詞be 來實(shí)現(xiàn)。助動(dòng)詞be 要在人稱和數(shù)上與主語保持一致。
 
  被動(dòng)語態(tài)常用于下列幾種情況:
 
  1. 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者無需指出或不明確時(shí)。例如:
 
  Printing was introduced into Europe from China. Rome was not built in a day.
 
  2. 為強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。例如:
 
  Four people were killed and thirty-one injured in the bomb attack. Susan was singled out for praise yesterday.
 
  3. 為了修辭的需要。例如:
 
  He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door.
 
  Yesterday he visited our university and was welcomed by the President.
 
  二、同等學(xué)力英語語法重要考點(diǎn)
 
  對(duì)于同等學(xué)力英語考試考點(diǎn)把握不清晰的考生可以了解下我們的同等學(xué)力英語輔導(dǎo)班,你可以直接點(diǎn)擊張教授的圖片,或者咨詢?cè)诰輔導(dǎo)老師了解輔導(dǎo)班的詳細(xì)資料。
同等學(xué)力考試英語語法精講:語態(tài)
  1. 除及物動(dòng)詞外,一些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語動(dòng)詞也可使用被動(dòng)態(tài)形式。但在個(gè)別情況下,短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開使用。例如:This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.
 
  2. 不及物動(dòng)詞(或相當(dāng)于一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞的短語動(dòng)詞)和表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(或短語動(dòng)詞)無被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式,如:happen, rise, occur, take place, break out 等;以及l(fā)ack, fit suit,equal, become, resemble, befall, consist of, look like 等。例如:The story took place in 1949.
 
  3. 將主動(dòng)態(tài)形式改為被動(dòng)態(tài)形式時(shí),如遇到動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語的情況,我們只能將其中之一變成主語,另一個(gè)保持不變。當(dāng)直接賓語變成主語時(shí),保持在原位的間接賓語前需加介詞to。例如:
 
  I gave my husband a tie as a birthday present.
 
  My husband was given a tie as a birthday present.
 
  A tie was given to my husband as a birthday present.
 
  4. 不定式符號(hào)to 在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不可省略。在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中,感官動(dòng)詞和“使”動(dòng)詞常跟不
 
  帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要有to。例如:
 
  I saw her pass by thewindow.
 
  She was seen to pass by the window.
 
  5. 某些實(shí)義動(dòng)詞加副詞也表示被動(dòng)意義,如:wash, write, sell, eat, keep, open, read, shut 等。例如:
 
  This type of recorder sells well.
 
  The door won’t shut closely.
 
  This kind of shirt washes well.
 
  The pen writes well。
 
  6. want 、deserve 、need 、require 、stand、take、won’t bear with 等詞后跟主動(dòng)形式的動(dòng)名詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義。例如:
 
  The film is quite worth watching.
 
  The children need looking after (=to be looked after).
 
  The rule will take some learning.
 
  7. 某些作表語的形容詞后,用不定式主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例如:
 
  He is hard to please. The article is difficult to understand.
 
  8. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中常用的幾個(gè)介詞:by 表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或施動(dòng)者;with(tools )表示用某種工具;of(materials )表示由某種原料制成(制成品可見原料);from(substance )表示源于某種物質(zhì)(制成品不見原料)。
 
 
 
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