同等學(xué)力英語考試的難度相當(dāng)于英語4級到6級之間的難度,其中主要考核考生的英語詞匯積累、句型理解的情況。with結(jié)構(gòu)是許多英語復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的一種。學(xué)好它對學(xué)好復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)均能起很重要的作用。下面新陽光教育為大家全面分析with的語法,以幫助同學(xué)們掌握這一重要的語法知識。
一、 with結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成
它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語,復(fù)合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng),第二部分補(bǔ)足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng),分詞可以是現(xiàn)在分詞,也可以是過去分詞。With結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成方式如下:
1. with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞;
2. with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞;
3. with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語;
4. with或without-名詞/代詞+動詞不定式;
5. with或without-名詞/代詞+分詞。
下面分別舉例:
1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名詞+形容詞,作伴隨狀語)
2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名詞+副詞,作時(shí)間狀語)
3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名詞+介詞短語,作伴隨狀語。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名詞+不定式,作伴隨狀語) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代詞 +不定式,作條件狀語)
5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ,作伴隨狀語)
6、Without anything left in the cupboard, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過去分詞,作為原因狀語)
二、with結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
在句子中with結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)充當(dāng)狀語,表示行為方式,伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因或條件(詳見上述例句)。
With結(jié)構(gòu)在句中也可以作定語。例如:
1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.
2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.
3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.
三、 with結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)
1. with結(jié)構(gòu)由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中第一部分與第二部分語法上是賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語關(guān)系,而在邏輯上,卻具有主謂關(guān)系,也就是說,可以用第一部分作主語,第二部分作謂語,構(gòu)成一個(gè)句子。例如: With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.) She fell asleep with the light burning. →(The light was burning.) With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.)
2. 在with結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一部分為人稱代詞時(shí),則該用賓格代詞。例如: He could not finish it without me to help him. |