一、總述

　　英語句子中的倒裝(inversion )分為部分倒裝(partial inversion )和全部倒裝(full inversion)。所謂部分倒裝是指將句子謂語部分的助動詞或情態(tài)助動詞置于主語之前，全部倒裝是指將整個(gè)謂語動詞置于主語之前。倒裝語序常出現(xiàn)在下列情況中：

　　1. 為避免句子部分內(nèi)容重復(fù)，英語中常用倒裝句，即：so (neither, nor) + be 動詞(助動

　　詞，情態(tài)動詞)+ 主語。例如：

　　My father is an engineer; so is my husband.

　　Jane didn’t attend my class yesterday; nor did Morris.

　　注意：如表示贊同別人的陳述，so 后面的部分不倒裝。例如：

　　“Jim is a good-swimmer.” “So he is, and so is Dick.”

　　2. 具有否定意義的詞或短語置于句首時(shí)，句子一般部分倒裝，即將be 動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞提到主語前。這類詞或短語包括：not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, no sooner…(than), hardly… (when), not only… (but also) 等。例如：

　　Never has my brother been abroad before.

　　Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door.

　　No sooner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there.

　　二、重要考點(diǎn)

　　1. 如果句首的否定詞修飾主語，是主語的一部分，則句子不用倒裝。例如：Scarcely a drop of rain fell last month.

　　2. as 或though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句常用倒裝。一般將一些形容詞、副詞等置于句首。例如：

　　Prominent as he is in his field, he remains easy-going.

　　Wealthy as he is, I don’t envy him.

　　3. 當(dāng)so、often 、only 等表示程度或頻率的副詞置于句首時(shí)，句子一般倒裝。這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)起一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，與正常語序的區(qū)別只是程度的不同。例如：

　　So great was the destruction that the south took decades to recovery.

　　(The destruction was so great that the south took decades to recovery.)

　　Often does he warn us not to touch the poisonous chemical.

　　Only in this way can we accomplish it on time.

　　4. 當(dāng)there 、here、then 、now 等副詞置于句首，且謂語動詞為come 、go、be 等詞時(shí)，句子一般全部倒裝，此類倒裝句旨在引起別人注意。但如果主語是代詞，句子則不倒裝。例如：

　　Look! Here comes the taxi.

　　Here are some letters for you to type.

　　5. 當(dāng)out 、in、away、up、bang 等方位或擬聲詞置于句首時(shí)，句子一般全部倒裝。此類倒裝句比正常語序的句子更生動、形象。但如主語是代詞，句子則不倒裝。例如：

　　Away flew the bird.

　　Bang goes my ace.

　　Away she went.

　　三、例題

　　1. Only recently ______ to realize the dangers caffeine ( 咖啡因) might bring to our health.

　　A. that scientists began B. have scientists begun

　　C. scientists have begun D. that did scientists begin

　　2. Not until the year of 1954 ______ made the capital of this country.

　　A. the city was B. was the city

　　C. when the city was D. was when the city

　　3. ______ the doctor right away, he might be alive today.

　　A. Should he have gone to B. If he went to

　　C. Were he to go D. Had he gone to

　　4. “Does your father call you very often?” “Yes, my father calls about once a week and ______.”

　　A. so my brother does B. my brother does so

　　C. so does my brother D. does so my brother

　　5. Hardly anything ______ more than the happiness of seeing someone using his device for treatment.

　　A. please him B. does please him

　　C. pleases him D. does him please

　　6. So little ______ about physics that the lecture was completely beyond me.

　　A. I knew B. did I know C. I had known D. had I known

　　7. We are late! Look, ______!

　　A. there the bus goes B. the bus goes there

　　C. there goes the bus D. the bus there goes

　　8. Only after he has acquired considerable facility in speaking ______ to learn to read and write.

　　A. he began B. will he begin C. did he begin D. he must begin

　　9. Busy ______ he is, he can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.

　　A. because B. as C. no matter how D. although

　　10. By no means ______ create or destroy energy.

　　A. we can B. we can’t C. can we D. shall we

　　11. How strange ______!

　　A. that the children are so quiet is B. that the children are so quiet

　　C. is the children are so quiet D. it is that the children are so quiet

　　12. Not only ______ tolerant of other people’s opinion, but he is also patient.

　　A. he is B. is he C. he will be D. will he be

　　13. She never laughed, ______ lose her temper.

　　A. neither she did B. nor did she

　　C. either did she D. she either

　　14. ______ table tennis was accepted as a regular part of the Olympic Games.

　　A. Not until 1988 B. It was not until 1986 that

　　C. It was in 1986 when D. It was until 1986 that

　　15. ______ that Susan hadn’t dared to make a sound.

　　A. So was he absorbed B. So absorbed he was

　　C. So absorbed was he D. So he was absorbed

　　16. Never again ______ political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency.

　　A. Alfred E. Smith seriously sought B. seriously Alfred E. Smith sought

　　C. when did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek. D. did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek

　　17. Under no circumstances ______ anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of other people.

　　A. should we do B. we should do C. we do should D. so we should

　　18. Only when you have obtained sufficient data ______ come to a sound conclusion.

　　A. can you B. did you C. you will D. you can

　　19. Only in this way ______ progress in your English.

　　A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will you able to make

　　20. Not a day ______ without having some unpleasantness with the servants.

　　A. Catherine did spend B. Catherine spent

　　C. did Catherine spend D. did Catherine spent

　　21. So much ______ his financial position that he can’t sleep at night.

　　A. does he worry about B. he does worry about

　　C. he worries about D. worries he about

　　22. Many a time ______ me good advice.

　　A. Mike has given B. has Mike given

　　C. Mike does have give D. does Mike have given

　　23. ______, if he does not learn he knows nothing.

　　A. Be a man ever so clever B. A man is ever so clever

　　C. So clever as a man ever is D. No matter how clever be

　　24. Bang! Bang! ______And Philip suddenly felt his body become light.

　　A. Did come two reports of firecrackers

　　B. Two reports of firecrackers came

　　C. Came two reports of firecrackers

　　D. Come two reports of firecrackers

　　25. ______ from the ground floor.

　　A. Up the man comes B. Came up the man

　　C. The man come up D. Up came the man

　　26. Jane has not finished her assignment, and ______.

　　A. so have